"思う" meaning in All languages combined

See 思う on Wiktionary

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [o̞mo̞ɯ̟]
Etymology: ⟨omo₂pu⟩ → */əməpu/ → /omoɸu/ → /omou/ From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *əməp-. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. Also appears in the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, completed c. 759 CE. There are two main theories for its ultimate derivation: * May be cognate with 面 (omo, “face”), from the sense of how one's emotions appear on one's face. * May be cognate with 重 (omo, “weight”), from the sense of weighing different options. Compare similar derivations of English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”) and ponderous (as in “heavy, weighty”). However, this runs into problems, since the ancestor of this form is reconstructed as *onpo- (“heavy”). Etymology templates: {{IPAfont|⟨omo₂pu⟩}} ⟨omo₂pu⟩, {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} Old Japanese, {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*əməp-}} Proto-Japonic *əməp-, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{circa2|759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>|short=1}} c. 759 CE, {{cog|en|ponder|pos=as in “to weigh; to think”}} English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”) Head templates: {{ja-verb|おもう|hhira=おもふ|tr=intrans|type=1}} 思(おも)う • (omou) ^(←おもふ (omofu)?)intransitive godan (stem 思(おも)い (omoi), past 思(おも)った (omotta)) Inflection templates: {{ja-conj-bungo|おも|4-p}} Forms: 思う [canonical] (ruby: (おも)), omou [romanization], omofu [romanization], 思い [stem] (ruby: (おも)), 思った [past] (ruby: (おも)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 思わ [error-unrecognized-form], 思wa [error-unrecognized-form], 思い [error-unrecognized-form], 思i [error-unrecognized-form], 思う [error-unrecognized-form], 思u [error-unrecognized-form], 思え [error-unrecognized-form], 思e [error-unrecognized-form], 思われる [passive], 思wareru [passive], 思わせる [causative], 思わす [causative], 思waseru [causative], 思wasu [causative], 思える [potential], 思eru [potential], 思おう [volitional], 思ō [volitional], 思わない [negative], 思wanai [negative], 思わず [continuative, negative], 思wazu [continuative, negative], 思います [formal], 思imasu [formal], 思った [perfective], 思tta [perfective], 思って [conjunctive], 思tte [conjunctive], 思えば [conditional, hypothetical], 思eba [conditional, hypothetical], no-table-tags [table-tags], 思は [irrealis, stem], おもは [irrealis, stem], omofa [irrealis], 思ひ [continuative, stem], おもひ [continuative, stem], omofi [continuative], 思ふ [stem, terminative], おもふ [stem, terminative], omofu [terminative], 思ふ [attributive, stem], おもふ [attributive, stem], omofu [attributive], 思へ [realis, stem], おもへ [realis, stem], omofe [realis], 思へ [imperative, stem], おもへ [imperative, stem], omofe [imperative], 思はず [negative], おもはず [negative], omofazu [negative], 思へど [contrastive], おもへど [contrastive], omofedo [contrastive], 思へば [causative], おもへば [causative], omofeba [causative], 思はば [conditional], おもはば [conditional], omofaba [conditional], 思ひき [past], おもひき [past], omofiki [past], 思ひけり [past], おもひけり [past], omofikeri [past], 思ひつ [perfect], おもひつ [perfect], omofitu [perfect], 思ひぬ [perfect], おもひぬ [perfect], omofinu [perfect], 思へり [continuative, perfect], 思ひたり [continuative, perfect], おもへり [continuative, perfect], おもひたり [continuative, perfect], omoferi [continuative, perfect], omofitari [continuative, perfect], 思はむ [volitional], おもはむ [volitional], omofamu [volitional]
  1. to think, to deem
    Sense id: en-思う-ja-verb-JWxDkouC Categories (other): Japanese terms with 1 kanji Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 29 36 36
  2. 思う: (と〜) to think that
    Sense id: en-思う-ja-verb-po1Aim7w Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -u, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 7 82 11 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -u: 20 51 29 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 14 63 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 10 74 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 76 15 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 29 36 36 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 9 77 14 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 9 79 12 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 8 82 10
  3. to long for, to yearn for
    Sense id: en-思う-ja-verb-I7VOWYgn Categories (other): Japanese terms with 1 kanji Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 29 36 36
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 考える (kangaeru) (ruby: (かんが)) Derived forms: 慮る (omonpakaru) (ruby: (おもんぱか)) (english: (formal) to consider carefully)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "(formal) to consider carefully",
      "roman": "omonpakaru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "慮",
          "おもんぱか"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "慮る"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨omo₂pu⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨omo₂pu⟩",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*əməp-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *əməp-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
        "short": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "c. 759 CE",
      "name": "circa2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ponder",
        "pos": "as in “to weigh; to think”"
      },
      "expansion": "English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "⟨omo₂pu⟩ → */əməpu/ → /omoɸu/ → /omou/\nFrom Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *əməp-. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. Also appears in the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, completed c. 759 CE. There are two main theories for its ultimate derivation:\n* May be cognate with 面 (omo, “face”), from the sense of how one's emotions appear on one's face.\n* May be cognate with 重 (omo, “weight”), from the sense of weighing different options. Compare similar derivations of English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”) and ponderous (as in “heavy, weighty”). However, this runs into problems, since the ancestor of this form is reconstructed as *onpo- (“heavy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "思う",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "思",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omou",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思い",
      "roman": "omoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "思",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思った",
      "roman": "omotta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "思",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-u",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思い",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思i",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思う",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思u",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思え",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思e",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思われる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思waseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思える",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思eru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思おう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思います",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思imasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思tta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思tte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思えば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思eba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思は",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもは",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思はず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもはず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofedo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思はば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもはば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofiki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofitu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omoferi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思はむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもはむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofamu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おもう",
        "hhira": "おもふ",
        "tr": "intrans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "思(おも)う • (omou) ^(←おもふ (omofu)?)intransitive godan (stem 思(おも)い (omoi), past 思(おも)った (omotta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おも",
        "2": "4-p"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 36 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to think, to deem"
      ],
      "id": "en-思う-ja-verb-JWxDkouC",
      "links": [
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ],
        [
          "deem",
          "deem"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 82 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 51 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -u",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 63 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 74 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 76 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 36 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 77 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 79 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 82 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I think that Prof. Tanaka's classes were very interesting.",
          "roman": "Watashi wa Tanaka-sensei no kurasu wa totemo omoshirokatta to omoimasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "私",
              "わたし"
            ],
            [
              "田",
              "た"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "なか"
            ],
            [
              "先",
              "せん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "面",
              "おも"
            ],
            [
              "白",
              "しろ"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "私は田中先生のクラスはとても面白かったと思います。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "思う: (と〜) to think that"
      ],
      "id": "en-思う-ja-verb-po1Aim7w",
      "links": [
        [
          "思う",
          "思う#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 36 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to think of one's hometown",
          "roman": "furusato o omou",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "故",
              "ふる"
            ],
            [
              "郷",
              "さと"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "故郷を思う",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to long for, to yearn for"
      ],
      "id": "en-思う-ja-verb-I7VOWYgn",
      "links": [
        [
          "long for",
          "long for"
        ],
        [
          "yearn",
          "yearn"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "おもう"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[o̞mo̞ɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kangaeru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "考",
          "かんが"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "考える"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kojiki",
    "Man'yōshū",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
  ],
  "word": "思う"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -u",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "(formal) to consider carefully",
      "roman": "omonpakaru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "慮",
          "おもんぱか"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "慮る"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨omo₂pu⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨omo₂pu⟩",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*əməp-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *əməp-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
        "short": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "c. 759 CE",
      "name": "circa2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ponder",
        "pos": "as in “to weigh; to think”"
      },
      "expansion": "English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "⟨omo₂pu⟩ → */əməpu/ → /omoɸu/ → /omou/\nFrom Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *əməp-. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. Also appears in the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, completed c. 759 CE. There are two main theories for its ultimate derivation:\n* May be cognate with 面 (omo, “face”), from the sense of how one's emotions appear on one's face.\n* May be cognate with 重 (omo, “weight”), from the sense of weighing different options. Compare similar derivations of English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”) and ponderous (as in “heavy, weighty”). However, this runs into problems, since the ancestor of this form is reconstructed as *onpo- (“heavy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "思う",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "思",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omou",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思い",
      "roman": "omoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "思",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思った",
      "roman": "omotta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "思",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-u",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思い",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思i",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思う",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思u",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思え",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思e",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思われる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思waseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思える",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思eru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思おう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思わず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思wazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思います",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思imasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思tta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思tte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思えば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思eba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思は",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもは",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもふ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思はず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもはず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofedo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思はば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもはば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofiki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofitu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思へり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思ひたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもへり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもひたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omoferi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "思はむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おもはむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "omofamu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おもう",
        "hhira": "おもふ",
        "tr": "intrans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "思(おも)う • (omou) ^(←おもふ (omofu)?)intransitive godan (stem 思(おも)い (omoi), past 思(おも)った (omotta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おも",
        "2": "4-p"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to think, to deem"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ],
        [
          "deem",
          "deem"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I think that Prof. Tanaka's classes were very interesting.",
          "roman": "Watashi wa Tanaka-sensei no kurasu wa totemo omoshirokatta to omoimasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "私",
              "わたし"
            ],
            [
              "田",
              "た"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "なか"
            ],
            [
              "先",
              "せん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "面",
              "おも"
            ],
            [
              "白",
              "しろ"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "私は田中先生のクラスはとても面白かったと思います。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "思う: (と〜) to think that"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "思う",
          "思う#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to think of one's hometown",
          "roman": "furusato o omou",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "故",
              "ふる"
            ],
            [
              "郷",
              "さと"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "故郷を思う",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to long for, to yearn for"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "long for",
          "long for"
        ],
        [
          "yearn",
          "yearn"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "おもう"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[o̞mo̞ɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kangaeru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "考",
          "かんが"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "考える"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kojiki",
    "Man'yōshū",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
  ],
  "word": "思う"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 思う meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "思う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "思う",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.